THE HISTORIC CONSTRUCTION OF MODERN STATES IN THE WESTERN WORLD (ABSOLUTISTS)

Abstract

This work aims to illuminate – with due apologies to the inevitable pun – via historical outline, the social and political construction of modern society, considered modern from the temporal perspective of the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, i.e., from the initial steps of the MiddleAges, with its fiefs and the power of the Roman Catholic Church, until the emergence of the absolutist states. Toward this end, the transition from the medieval theocentric society – in which the Inquisition, in name of divine values, operated one of the most painful and intolerant periods in Europe – to the modern homocentric cosmos structured around the modern skeptical philosophical discourse of rationality. As denoted in the narration of various stories, the incipient churches – in defense of their faith of one God – sponsored numerous wars and the much desired peace could not be established until the return of man to his rightful place and command. Finally, to the detriment of God’s power (despite never wanting to forget Him or even trying to kill Him, as did Nietzsche), peace arrived in Europe, after the end of the Religious Wars and the establishment of secular and sovereign states, and on the international stage, formal equality.